Coup Atlas Research Database
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43402231972AttemptedMilitary coup

Benin, 1972 — military coup attempt

Benin (BEN)West Africa, AfricaFebruary 23, 1972

Event Summary

The dataset records an attempted military coup in Benin, then called Dahomey, on 23 February 1972, during the unstable period of the Presidential Council, a rotating three-man executive shared among the veteran rivals Hubert Maga, Justin Ahomadegbe, and Sourou Migan Apithy, set up to contain Dahomey's chronic regional and ethnic divisions. On 23 February 1972 Lieutenant Colonel Maurice Kouandete, a serial coup maker who had seized power before, attempted yet another coup, this time against the head of the Presidential Council. The attempt failed and Kouandete was arrested and sentenced.

The episode underscored the deep instability of Dahomean politics, which had seen repeated military interventions since independence. Later that year, on 26 October 1972, a more decisive coup led by Major Mathieu Kerekou overthrew the Presidential Council entirely, ending the era of the old civilian rivals and beginning Kerekou's long Marxist Leninist rule, during which the country was renamed Benin.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: The Presidential Council survived Kouandete's February 1972 coup attempt but was overthrown by Kerekou that October
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Presidential Council of Dahomey (Maga, Ahomadegbe, Apithy, target)
Maurice Kouandete (serial coup maker, plotter)
Mathieu Kerekou (later successful in October 1972)

Sources

On 23 February 1972 Maurice Kouandete attempted a coup in Dahomey, one of a series of military interventions in the country's turbulent post-independence politics.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, List of coups and coup attempts by country open source ↗
Dahomey was governed in this period by a Presidential Council, a rotating executive shared among the rival politicians Hubert Maga, Justin Ahomadegbe, and Sourou Migan Apithy.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Presidential Council (Dahomey) open source ↗
Maurice Kouandete was a serial coup maker who had previously seized power in Dahomey's repeated military interventions.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Maurice Kouandete open source ↗
On 26 October 1972 Mathieu Kerekou overthrew the Presidential Council, ending the era of the civilian rivals and beginning his long rule, during which the country was renamed Benin.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, List of coups and coup attempts by country open source ↗

Editorial Note

Dataset date 23 February 1972 matches Kouandete's failed coup attempt against the Presidential Council; day level detail is lightly documented in accessible English sources this session, so specifics are flagged, while the attempt, the Presidential Council context, and Kerekou's decisive October 1972 coup are verified. Continues the Benin/Dahomey run from earlier batches.

Cross-Reference

Datasets agree. At least two of the three reference datasets we check against carry this event, and none of them disagrees about its date or its result.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
43402231972
Albrecht/Koehler/Schutz (CAM) id
CAM-434-1972-02-23

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: The Presidential Council survived Kouandete's February 1972 coup attempt but was overthrown by Kerekou that October.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Luttwak

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Wikipedia

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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