Coup Atlas Research Database
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14012031959AttemptedMilitary coup

Brazil, 1959 — military coup attempt

Brazil (BRA)South America, AmericasDecember 3, 1959

Event Summary

On 3 December 1959 a group of Brazilian Air Force officers led by Major Haroldo Veloso, the same figures behind the 1956 Jacareacanga revolt, staged the Aragarcas revolt against the government of President Juscelino Kubitschek, seizing the town of Aragarcas in Goias and briefly commandeering commercial aircraft in a bid to spark a wider anti-government rising. The revolt reflected the continuing hostility of a hardline anti-Kubitschek faction of officers who opposed his developmentalist government and his tolerance of the left. As in 1956, the rising found little support in the wider armed forces, collapsed quickly, and the rebels fled across the border into Bolivia and Paraguay.

Kubitschek, who had already amnestied the Jacareacanga rebels, again responded with leniency. He completed his term and handed power to the elected Janio Quadros in January 1961, and the Aragarcas plotters were later amnestied as well.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: President Juscelino Kubitschek survived the Aragarcas revolt and completed his term, handing power to an elected successor in 1961
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Juscelino Kubitschek (president of Brazil, target)
Haroldo Veloso (air force major, revolt leader)
Joao Paulo Moreira Burnier (co-leader)

Sources

Juscelino Kubitschek served as president of Brazil from 31 January 1956 to 31 January 1961 and completed his term, handing power to his elected successor.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Juscelino Kubitschek open source ↗
The Aragarcas revolt of December 1959 and the earlier Jacareacanga revolt of February 1956 were risings by air force officers against the Kubitschek government that were suppressed.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Aragarcas and Jacareacanga revolts open source ↗
The Jacareacanga and Aragarcas revolts were led by air force officers including Haroldo Veloso, and the participants were later granted amnesty.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Aragarcas and Jacareacanga revolts open source ↗
Kubitschek's presidency, associated with the developmentalist program and the building of Brasilia, was one of the few completed civilian terms in the volatile period between the Vargas era and the 1964 military coup.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Juscelino Kubitschek open source ↗

Editorial Note

Date match to the 3 December 1959 Aragarcas revolt led by air force officers. Pairs with the Brazil 1956-02-11 record in batch 60, the same faction's earlier Jacareacanga rising.

Cross-Reference

Datasets agree. At least two of the three reference datasets we check against carry this event, and none of them disagrees about its date or its result.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
14012031959
Albrecht/Koehler/Schutz (CAM) id
CAM-140-1959-12-03

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: President Juscelino Kubitschek survived the Aragarcas revolt and completed his term, handing power to an elected successor in 1961.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

Powell and Thyne

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

New York Times

“Brazil Airmen Rebel And Seize 5 Planes: Said to Head Revolt in Brazil,” December 4, 1959

Washington Post

“Brazil’s Pocket Revolt Fizzles,” December 5, 1959

Hartford Courant

“Prices Pinch Brazilians But They Reject Revolt,” December 7, 1959

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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