Coup Atlas Research Database
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15509141970ConspiracyMilitary coup

Chile, 1970 — military coup conspiracy

Chile (CHL)South America, AmericasSeptember 14, 1970

Event Summary

This entry is coded 14 September 1970, in the days after Salvador Allende's 4 September 1970 plurality and at the outset of the covert U.S. effort to prevent his accession to the Chilean presidency.

Because Allende had won only a narrow plurality, the constitution threw the final choice to a congressional run-off on 24 October, with inauguration set for 3 November. On 8 September the 40 Committee met to assess options, and on 9 September CIA headquarters instructed its Santiago station to establish contacts with Chilean military officers to foster a coup. On 15 September, the day after this coded date, President Nixon personally ordered CIA Director Richard Helms to foment a military coup, launching the Track II effort.

This plotting culminated in the 22 October 1970 abduction attempt against constitutionalist army commander General Rene Schneider, who was shot and died three days later; the outrage rallied Chile behind Allende, who was confirmed on 24 October and inaugurated on 3 November.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: The coup plotting failed; Allende was confirmed by Congress and inaugurated in November 1970
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Salvador Allende (president-elect, target)
Richard Nixon and CIA Director Richard Helms (ordering the coup effort)
General Rene Schneider (constitutionalist army commander, assassinated)

Sources

Four days after Allende's election, Kissinger chaired the first meeting of the 40 Committee on 8 September 1970 and requested a cold-blooded assessment of the pros and cons of a military coup to keep Allende from being inaugurated.
SOURCE REVIEWED National Security Archive: Extreme Option, Overthrow Allende open source ↗
On 9 September 1970 the CIA's head of Western Hemisphere operations transmitted a cable to the Santiago station chief with instructions to establish contacts with Chilean military officers in preparation for supporting a coup against Allende.
SOURCE REVIEWED National Security Archive: Extreme Option, Overthrow Allende open source ↗
On 15 September 1970 President Nixon ordered CIA Director Richard Helms to foment a military coup in Chile to prevent Allende's inauguration, launching the Track II effort.
SOURCE REVIEWED National Security Archive: Extreme Option, Overthrow Allende open source ↗
On 22 October 1970, plotters intercepted and shot General Rene Schneider, who died three days later; the assassination rallied Chile behind the constitution and Allende was ratified on 24 October.
SOURCE REVIEWED National Security Archive: The CIA and Chile, Anatomy of an Assassination open source ↗

Editorial Note

Coded 14 Sep 1970 sits between the 8-9 September 40 Committee actions and Nixon's 15 September Track II order; it falls squarely in the early coup-plotting phase. Verified as to the documented sequence, with the exact-day event not separately attested. Second Chile entry in this batch; distinct from the 25 Mar 1970 pre-election spoiling entry.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
15509141970

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: The coup plotting failed; Allende was confirmed by Congress and inaugurated in November 1970.

Baseline coding: Plot discovered and disrupted before execution. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

The Guardian

“Files Reveal Nixon Role in Plot to Block Allende From Chilean Presidency,” August 8, 2023

Foreign Affairs

“The ‘Invisible Blockade’ and the Overthrow of Allende,” January, 1974

New York Times

“C.I.A. Chief Tell House of $8-Millions Campaign Against Allende in 70-73,” September 8, 1974

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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