Coup Atlas Research Database
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04004031956ConspiracyMilitary coup

Cuba, 1956 — military coup conspiracy

Cuba (CUB)Caribbean, AmericasApril 3, 1956

Event Summary

The Conspiracion de los Puros, or Conspiracy of the Pure, was a plot in April 1956 by more than 120 professional officers of the Cuban armed forces, roughly a fifth of the officer corps, to overthrow dictator Fulgencio Batista and restore constitutional democracy through free elections. Led by Colonel Ramon Barquin, the respected military attache in Washington whom Batista had summoned home and promoted to general in the mistaken belief he would be loyal, the plotters organized among discontented officers in Columbia military city, La Cabana, and the cadet and artillery schools. The coup was set for 4 April 1956 but was betrayed by conspirator Major Enrique Rios Morejon; loyalist forces arrested the plotters on 2 and 3 April, and the government announced the foiled plot on 4 April.

Barquin and a dozen other officers were court-martialed and imprisoned on the Isle of Pines. The purge of the professional officer corps crippled the army's later ability to combat Fidel Castro's guerrillas.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Batista survived the plot, but the resulting purge of the officer corps weakened his army against Castro
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Fulgencio Batista (dictator of Cuba, target)
Colonel Ramon Barquin (leader of the conspiracy)
Major Enrique Rios Morejon (conspirator who betrayed the plot)

Sources

The Conspiracion de los Puros was a military conspiracy of more than 120 professional officers, a fifth of the officer corps, to overthrow Batista and restore democracy, led by Colonel Ramon Barquin and scheduled for 4 April 1956.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia (Spanish), Intento de golpe de Estado en Cuba de 1956 open source ↗
Due to the betrayal by Major Rios Morejon, loyalist forces arrested part of the plotters on 2 and 3 April, and the coup was discovered; Barquin and other leaders were arrested and court-martialed.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia (Spanish), Intento de golpe de Estado en Cuba de 1956 open source ↗
Batista had summoned Barquin back from Washington and promoted him to general, believing he would support his rule, but the conspiracy was already underway; Barquin was sentenced to eight years in solitary confinement on the Isle of Pines.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Fulgencio Batista open source ↗
The purge of the officer corps contributed to the inability of the Cuban army to successfully combat Castro and his guerrillas.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Fulgencio Batista open source ↗

Editorial Note

Essentially exact date match: the coded 3 April 1956 matches the arrests of the plotters on 2 and 3 April (the coup itself was set for 4 April). Well documented as the Barquin/Puros conspiracy. First Cuba record tied to a discrete dated conspiracy in the dataset run.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
04004031956

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Batista survived the plot, but the resulting purge of the officer corps weakened his army against Castro.

Baseline coding: Plot discovered and disrupted before execution. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

Wikipedia

New York Times

“CUBA SUPPRESSES PLOT FOR REVOLT 30 Army Officers Reported Under Arrest–Batista Minimizes Importance,” April 4, 1956

Daily Boston Globe

“Cuba Reports Plot Against Batista Halted,” April 4, 1956

St. Louis Post-Dispatch

“Cuban Army Blocks Plot Against Batista,” April 4, 1956

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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