Coup Atlas Research Database
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05412191981AttemptedDissident coup

Dominica, 1981 — dissident coup attempt

Dominica (DMA)Caribbean, AmericasDecember 19, 1981

Event Summary

The dataset records an event coded as an attempted dissident coup in Dominica on 19 December 1981 against the government of Prime Minister Eugenia Charles, in a year when the small Caribbean island was the target of repeated plots to restore the disgraced former prime minister Patrick John. Earlier in 1981 the bizarre Operation Red Dog scheme, in which American and Canadian white supremacists and Ku Klux Klan figures planned to invade and install John, had been foiled by United States agents in New Orleans. In December 1981 a further attempt was made, this time by soldiers of the disbanded Dominica Defence Force loyal to John, who attacked the police headquarters and prison in the capital Roseau in a bid to free John, who was in custody, and seize power.

The assault was repelled by the police, with several attackers and defenders killed. Eugenia Charles, the Caribbean's first female prime minister, survived both plots and disbanded the mutinous army, going on to govern Dominica for fifteen years and to play a prominent role in supporting the 1983 United States invasion of Grenada.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Prime Minister Eugenia Charles survived the December 1981 attack by pro-Patrick John soldiers and disbanded the army
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Eugenia Charles (prime minister of Dominica, target)
Dominica Defence Force soldiers loyal to Patrick John (plotters)
Patrick John (deposed former prime minister the plots sought to restore)

Sources

Operation Red Dog was an April 1981 plot by Canadian and American citizens affiliated with white supremacist and Ku Klux Klan groups to overthrow the government of Dominica and restore former Prime Minister Patrick John.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Operation Red Dog open source ↗
The Red Dog plotters were arrested by federal agents in New Orleans on 27 April 1981 as they prepared to board a boat loaded with weapons.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Operation Red Dog open source ↗
Patrick John had been arrested in Dominica on 25 April 1981 in connection with the plotting against Eugenia Charles's government.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Operation Red Dog open source ↗
Eugenia Charles was the Caribbean's first female prime minister and governed Dominica while supporting the 1983 United States invasion of Grenada.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Eugenia Charles open source ↗

Editorial Note

Dataset date 19 December 1981 corresponds to a December 1981 attack by soldiers loyal to Patrick John on the police and prison in Roseau, distinct from the April 1981 Operation Red Dog plot that is fully documented; the specific December event is lightly detailed in accessible English sources this session, so it is flagged while the broader 1981 plotting against Eugenia Charles is verified. First Dominica record in the dataset run.

Cross-Reference

Datasets agree. At least two of the three reference datasets we check against carry this event, and none of them disagrees about its date or its result.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
05412191981
Albrecht/Koehler/Schutz (CAM) id
CAM-54-1981-12-19

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Prime Minister Eugenia Charles survived the December 1981 attack by pro-Patrick John soldiers and disbanded the army.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

Powell and Thyne

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

New York Times

“Coup Attempt Fails in Dominica,” December 20, 1981

Washington Post

“Coup Attempt Fails in Dominica; 3 Killed, 9 Wounded in Attacks,” December 20, 1981

Irish Times

“Coup fails in Dominica,” December 21, 1981

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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