Coup Atlas Research Database
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13008071956AttemptedMilitary coup

Ecuador, 1956 — military coup attempt

Ecuador (ECU)South America, AmericasAugust 7, 1956

Event Summary

The dataset records an attempted military coup in Ecuador on 7 August 1956, at the very end of Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra's third presidency, which concluded on 31 August 1956, and on the eve of the handover to his elected successor Camilo Ponce Enriquez. That third term, from 1952, had been the only one of Velasco Ibarra's five presidencies to reach its constitutional end, a product of the banana boom stability and the unusual 1948 to 1960 run of peaceful Ecuadorian transitions. The 1956 election that Ponce won was closely contested and the transfer of power to a Conservative was politically charged, but any coup attempt in early August 1956 did not derail it.

Velasco Ibarra completed his term and Ponce took office, continuing the constitutional sequence before Velasco Ibarra returned for a fourth term in 1960.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: President Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra survived and completed his third term on 31 August 1956, handing power to elected successor Camilo Ponce Enriquez
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra (outgoing president of Ecuador, target)
Camilo Ponce Enriquez (president elect)
Dissident officers (plotters in the transition)

Sources

Velasco Ibarra served his entire third term from September 1, 1952 to August 31, 1956, the only one of his five terms he completed.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra open source ↗
Camilo Ponce Enriquez won the 1956 presidential election and took office in 1956 as Ecuador's first Conservative president in decades.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Camilo Ponce Enriquez open source ↗
The 1948 to 1960 span gave Ecuador 12 years of peaceful presidential transitions, opened by Galo Plaza and continuing through Velasco's completed third term to Ponce.
SOURCE REVIEWED Xavier Journal of Politics, Comparative Analysis of Velasco Ibarra open source ↗
Velasco Ibarra completed his term and was reelected for a fourth term in 1960, being removed by military force in that and his other non 1952 terms.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra open source ↗

Editorial Note

No discrete documentation of a 7 August 1956 Ecuadorian coup attempt was found in accessible English sources this session; the entry records the dataset's coding and the verified context of the end of Velasco Ibarra's third term and the 1956 transition to Ponce, with plotter identity for this specific date unconfirmed, flagged. Fourth of the Velasco third term attempts enriched in the dataset.

Cross-Reference

Datasets agree. At least two of the three reference datasets we check against carry this event, and none of them disagrees about its date or its result.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
13008071956
Albrecht/Koehler/Schutz (CAM) id
CAM-130-1956-08-08

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: President Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra survived and completed his third term on 31 August 1956, handing power to elected successor Camilo Ponce Enriquez.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

Powell and Thyne

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

New York Times

“Revolt Is Reported In Western Ecuador,” August 8, 1956

Washington Post

“Army Garrison Revolts In Ecuador Province,” August 8, 1956

Christian Science Monitor

“Ecuador Democracy Tested,” August 9, 1956

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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