Coup Atlas Research Database
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45205151979AttemptedMilitary coup

Ghana, 1979 — military coup attempt

Ghana (GHA)West Africa, AfricaMay 15, 1979

Event Summary

On 15 May 1979 Flight Lieutenant Jerry John Rawlings led a first, failed coup attempt against the military government of Ghana, then ruled by the Supreme Military Council under General Fred Akuffo, just weeks before scheduled elections meant to return the country to civilian rule. Rawlings, a charismatic junior air force officer angered by corruption and the self-enrichment of the senior military brass amid economic collapse, was arrested when the uprising failed and put on public trial. But his defiant denunciations of corruption made him a hero to many junior soldiers and ordinary Ghanaians.

On 4 June 1979, sympathetic junior ranks broke Rawlings out of custody and this time succeeded, overthrowing Akuffo in a violent coup that brought Rawlings and his Armed Forces Revolutionary Council to power. That regime carried out a brutal house cleaning, executing three former heads of state, including Akuffo and Acheampong, before handing power to an elected government months later. Rawlings would return in a 1981 coup to rule Ghana for two decades.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: The Akuffo government defeated Rawlings's May 1979 attempt, but he escaped and overthrew it weeks later on 4 June
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Fred Akuffo (head of Ghana's military government, target)
Jerry John Rawlings (air force flight lieutenant, coup leader)

Sources

On 15 May 1979 Jerry John Rawlings led a failed coup attempt against the Ghanaian military government, and he was arrested and put on trial.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Jerry Rawlings open source ↗
Rawlings's defiant denunciations of corruption at his trial made him popular among junior soldiers and the public.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Jerry Rawlings open source ↗
On 4 June 1979 Jerry John Rawlings overthrew Fred Akuffo after sympathetic junior ranks freed him from custody.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, List of coups and coup attempts by country open source ↗
Rawlings's Armed Forces Revolutionary Council executed three former heads of state, including Akuffo and Acheampong, before handing power to an elected government.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Jerry Rawlings open source ↗

Editorial Note

Date match to the 15 May 1979 failed Rawlings coup attempt. Dataset codes it a military coup with leader unharmed, accurate for Akuffo, who fell to Rawlings's successful 4 June 1979 coup weeks later. Well documented. Continues the Ghana run, following the 1967 Operation Guitar Boy record in batch 66.

Cross-Reference

Datasets agree. At least two of the three reference datasets we check against carry this event, and none of them disagrees about its date or its result.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
45205151979
Albrecht/Koehler/Schutz (CAM) id
CAM-452-1979-05-15

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: The Akuffo government defeated Rawlings's May 1979 attempt, but he escaped and overthrew it weeks later on 4 June.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Wikipedia

New York Times

“Hard Times Follow Ghana Coup; Food in Short Supply Ghana After the Coup: Hard Times, but Revolt Wins Wide Favor Most Are Unperturbed Judgment Is Questioned Motives Of Others Questioned Trials Are Condemned No More Executions,” July 30, 1979

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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