Coup Atlas Research Database
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35002241975ConspiracyMilitary coup

Greece, 1975 — military coup conspiracy

Greece (GRC)Southern Europe, EuropeFebruary 24, 1975

Event Summary

This entry is coded 24 February 1975, corresponding to the Pyjamas coup, a failed coup attempt by far-right Greek Army officers sympathetic to the military junta that had been deposed in July 1974. After the collapse of the Regime of the Colonels, brought down by the Cyprus crisis, former prime minister Konstantinos Karamanlis had returned to lead a civilian government, won the November 1974 elections, and overseen a referendum that abolished the monarchy. Die-hard junta sympathizers in the armed forces plotted to overthrow him, but the government, swiftly alerted by Major Ioannis Alexakis, the security director of the Central Intelligence Service, arrested the conspirators in the early morning hours of 24 February 1975, most of them at home in their nightclothes.

Defense Minister Evangelos Averoff coined the derisive name Pyjamas coup to ridicule the plotters. The failed attempt allowed the government to carry out a massive purge of junta loyalists from the army, cementing civilian control.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Karamanlis's civilian government survived; the plotters were arrested and the army purged of junta loyalists
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Konstantinos Karamanlis (prime minister, target)
Far-right pro-junta army officers (the plotters)
Major Ioannis Alexakis (intelligence official who alerted the government)

Sources

The Pyjamas coup was a failed coup attempt in February 1975 by far-right Greek Army officers sympathetic to the junta deposed in July 1974; the government, alerted by Major Ioannis Alexakis of the Central Intelligence Service, arrested the conspirators.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: Pyjamas coup open source ↗
The term Pyjamas coup was coined by Defense Minister Evangelos Averoff, as most of the plotters were arrested at their homes sleeping in the early morning hours of 24 February 1975.
SOURCE REVIEWED Military Wiki: Pyjamas coup open source ↗
In February 1975 Averoff suppressed an attempted coup by army officers, the episode that marked the definite re-imposition of political control over the army.
SOURCE REVIEWED Cambridge, Contemporary European History: The Ghost of Trials Past open source ↗
After the failed coup the government retired 500 officers, assigned 800 to passive missions, and brought back nearly 100 suspended anti-junta officers to strengthen its hand.
SOURCE REVIEWED Politics Today: Failed Coups and Their Aftermaths open source ↗

Editorial Note

Coded 24 Feb 1975 matches exactly the date the Pyjamas coup plotters were arrested. Verified. First Greece record in the run.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
35002241975

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Karamanlis's civilian government survived; the plotters were arrested and the army purged of junta loyalists.

Baseline coding: Plot discovered and disrupted before execution. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

New York Times

“Greek Regime Says It Thwarted a Plot; 28 Officers Seized GREECE REPORTS FOILING OF A PLOT,” February 25, 1975

Washington Post

“Greece foils attempt at Army coup,” February 25, 1975

Chicago Tribune

“Greek military coup foiled,” February 25, 1975

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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