Coup Atlas Research Database
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63007101980AttemptedMilitary coup

Iran, 1980 — military coup attempt

Iran (IRN)Western Asia, AsiaJuly 10, 1980

Event Summary

On the night of 9 to 10 July 1980 the newly established Islamic Republic of Iran forestalled a major coup plot, known as the Nojeh coup after the air base near Hamadan where it centered, aimed at overthrowing Ayatollah Khomeini and President Abolhassan Banisadr and restoring a secular government. The conspiracy, involving hundreds of military officers, especially air force pilots and paratroopers loyal to the old imperial order, was organized with financial support and political cover from the Shah's last prime minister, Shapour Bakhtiar, in exile. The plan called for warplanes to take off from Nojeh and bomb Khomeini's residence, Mehrabad Airport, and Revolutionary Guard headquarters in Tehran, after which ground forces would seize key sites and install Bakhtiar.

But the plot was betrayed and unraveled; the regime arrested hundreds of officers at the base and across the country. Khomeini ordered the plotters executed, and around 144 or more participants were put to death, with thousands of military personnel purged, further consolidating clerical control over the armed forces on the eve of the Iran Iraq War.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Ayatollah Khomeini's regime forestalled the Nojeh coup, executed scores of plotters, and purged the military
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Ruhollah Khomeini (leader of Iran, target)
Shapour Bakhtiar (exiled former prime minister who backed the plot)
air force and army officers (plotters, many executed)

Sources

The Nojeh coup plot was a plan to overthrow the newly established Islamic Republic of Iran and the government of Banisadr and Khomeini, largely halted by the arrest of hundreds of officers on 9 to 10 July 1980 at Nojeh Air Base near Hamadan.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Nojeh coup plot open source ↗
The plan was organized by Colonel Muhammad Baqir Bani-Amiri with the Shah's last prime minister Shapour Bakhtiar contributing financial support and providing his contacts and authority.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Nojeh coup plot open source ↗
The plan called for Air Force supporters to bomb the Tehran air base, Mehrabad Airport, the home of Khomeini, and Pasdaran headquarters, after which ground forces would seize the airport and broadcast stations.
SOURCE REVIEWED U.S. State Department, Office of the Historian open source ↗
Khomeini ordered those arrested to be executed, and 144 participants were executed with 2,000 to 4,000 military personnel dismissed in the following months.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Nojeh coup plot open source ↗

Editorial Note

Dataset date 10 July 1980 matches the 9 to 10 July 1980 Nojeh plot arrests. Dataset codes it a military coup with leader unharmed, accurate for Khomeini. Extensively documented. First Islamic Republic Iran record in the dataset run; the plot was tied to Bakhtiar and preceded the September 1980 Iraqi invasion.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
63007101980

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Ayatollah Khomeini's regime forestalled the Nojeh coup, executed scores of plotters, and purged the military.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

New York Times

“NEWS SUMMARY; SUNDAY, JULY 13, 1980,” July 13, 1980

Boston Globe

“Iran says 200 arrested for attempting coup,” July 13, 1980

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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