Coup Atlas Research Database
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64507281979AttemptedMilitary coup

Iraq, 1979 — military coup attempt

Iraq (IRQ)Western Asia, AsiaJuly 28, 1979

Event Summary

The dataset records an event coded as an attempted military coup in Iraq on 28 July 1979, corresponding to the alleged pro-Syrian conspiracy that Saddam Hussein claimed to have uncovered within the Baath Party days after he took the presidency, which he used to justify a devastating purge of his rivals. On 16 July 1979 the ailing president Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr had resigned and handed power to Saddam. Days later, on 22 July, Saddam convened an assembly of party leaders in Baghdad, ordered it videotaped, and had a broken RCC member confess to a Syrian-financed plot to overthrow the regime, then read out the names of alleged conspirators, who were led from the hall.

Sixty eight were arrested and about twenty two senior figures were executed, some by their own surviving colleagues, in the following days, with a wider purge claiming several hundred. Whether a genuine coup plot existed or was fabricated to eliminate opponents remains disputed; either way Saddam emerged as the absolute ruler of Iraq, a position he held until 2003.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Saddam Hussein crushed the alleged July 1979 plot with a purge and consolidated absolute power over Iraq
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Saddam Hussein (new president of Iraq, who staged the purge)
Muhyi Abdul Hussein Mashhadi (RCC member forced to confess)
alleged pro-Syrian conspirators (executed)

Sources

A public purge of the Iraqi Baath Party was orchestrated on 22 July 1979 by then president Saddam Hussein, six days after his accession, at a conference in Baghdad to carry out arrests and executions of comrades accused of a pro-Syrian plot to overthrow Saddam.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, 1979 Ba'ath Party purge open source ↗
On 11 July 1979 the ailing al-Bakr announced his resignation and intention to transfer the presidency to Saddam Hussein, who became president on 16 July 1979.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, 1979 Ba'ath Party purge open source ↗
At the videotaped assembly on 22 July, RCC member Muhyi Abdul Hussein Mashhadi confessed to being part of a Syrian-financed plot and named alleged co-conspirators, who were taken from the hall, and 21 or 22 of them were later executed.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, 1979 Ba'ath Party purge open source ↗
Iraq cut off relations with the fellow Baathist regime in Syria, accusing Hafez al-Assad of organizing the plot, though whether a genuine coup existed remains disputed.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, 1979 Ba'ath Party purge open source ↗

Editorial Note

Dataset date 28 July 1979 corresponds to the aftermath of Saddam's 22 July 1979 Baath Party purge against an alleged pro-Syrian coup plot; the exact date and the question of how genuine the plot was are flagged, while the purge, the forced confession, and the executions are verified. Continues the long Iraq run, following the 1973 Kzar record in batch 69.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
64507281979

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Saddam Hussein crushed the alleged July 1979 plot with a purge and consolidated absolute power over Iraq.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Boston Globe

“Iraq charges coup coup effort; 34 executed,” July 30, 1978

Irish Times

“Iraq executes 42 officials in coup purge,” July 31, 1978

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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