Coup Atlas Research Database
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62004141986AttemptedMilitary coup

Libya, 1986 — military coup attempt

Libya (LBY)North Africa, AfricaApril 14, 1986

Event Summary

The dataset records an event coded as an attempted military coup in Libya on 14 April 1986, the very day that United States warplanes carried out the major bombing raid on Tripoli and Benghazi, Operation El Dorado Canyon, aimed at the government of Muammar Gaddafi in retaliation for Libyan involvement in terrorism. The dataset date coincides precisely with that attack, which struck Gaddafi's own Bab al-Azizia compound and reportedly came close to killing him. Whether the dataset records a discrete internal coup attempt or reflects the extreme instability and rumored plotting within the Libyan military around the moment of the American strikes is not clearly documented in accessible sources.

Gaddafi, who had held power since his 1969 coup and had survived numerous plots against him, weathered the 1986 crisis; he used the humiliation and the deaths caused by the raid to rally nationalist sentiment and tighten his grip, purging suspected disloyal officers. He would rule Libya for another quarter century until he was overthrown and killed in the 2011 uprising and NATO intervention.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Muammar Gaddafi survived the April 1986 crisis around the US bombing of Tripoli and ruled Libya until 2011
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Muammar Gaddafi (leader of Libya, target)
dissident officers (plotters, unconfirmed)

Sources

On 14 April 1986 the United States carried out Operation El Dorado Canyon, bombing Tripoli and Benghazi in retaliation for Libyan involvement in terrorism.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, 1986 United States bombing of Libya open source ↗
The raid struck Gaddafi's Bab al-Azizia compound and reportedly came close to killing him.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, 1986 United States bombing of Libya open source ↗
Muammar Gaddafi held power in Libya from his 1969 coup and survived numerous plots and coup attempts against him.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Muammar Gaddafi open source ↗
Gaddafi ruled Libya until he was overthrown and killed in the 2011 uprising and NATO intervention.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Muammar Gaddafi open source ↗

Editorial Note

Dataset date 14 April 1986 coincides exactly with the US Operation El Dorado Canyon bombing of Libya; no discrete internal coup attempt on that date is clearly documented in accessible English sources this session, so the entry is framed within the verified context of the bombing and the instability around Gaddafi's rule, with any specific coup event and plotters unconfirmed, flagged as context only. Continues the Libya run, following the 1975 Muhayshi records in batch 71.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
62004141986

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Muammar Gaddafi survived the April 1986 crisis around the US bombing of Tripoli and ruled Libya until 2011.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

Wikipedia

Los Angeles TImes

“Chose Targets to Fuel Coup Against Kadafi, Shultz says,” April 18, 1986

New York Times

“Article 1 – No Title,” July 1, 1986

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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