Coup Atlas Research Database
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58001241982ConspiracyMilitary coup

Madagascar, 1982 — military coup conspiracy

Madagascar (MDG)East Africa, AfricaJanuary 24, 1982

Event Summary

This entry is coded 24 January 1982, during the year before the November 1982 presidential election in which President Didier Ratsiraka of Madagascar was re-elected. Ratsiraka, a naval officer who took power in 1975 and built a Marxist-Maoist one-party state around his AREMA party, faced mounting popular resentment in the early 1980s amid a steeply declining economy, epidemics, famines, and natural disasters, while abandoning strict socialist policies for IMF-recommended reforms. His regime rested on a history of instability and conspiracy: his immediate predecessor as head of state, Richard Ratsimandrava, had been assassinated in a 1975 conspiracy only days after taking office.

Reports also circulated of Ratsiraka and his loyalists unlawfully enriching themselves from the country's mineral resources. The 24 January 1982 coding sits in this period of regime instability and plotting against Ratsiraka in the run-up to his 1982 re-election with a reported 80 percent of the vote.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Ratsiraka was re-elected in 1982 and remained Madagascar's dominant figure until 1993
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
President Didier Ratsiraka (target)
The AREMA one-party apparatus
Malagasy opposition and disaffected officers

Sources

Didier Ratsiraka was first appointed president in 1975 by the military leadership and was reelected in 1982 with 80 percent of the vote, ruling through the Marxist-oriented AREMA party.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: Didier Ratsiraka open source ↗
Resentment among the population grew as epidemics, financial problems, famines, and natural disasters brought Madagascar one crisis after another, yet Ratsiraka was again confirmed in office in the 1982 elections.
SOURCE REVIEWED Urlaub-auf-Madagaskar: Independence, the First Republic open source ↗
In 1975 the affairs of state were handed to Interior Minister Richard Ratsimandrava, who was shot dead in the street only a few days later as a result of a conspiracy, after which Ratsiraka took power.
SOURCE REVIEWED Urlaub-auf-Madagaskar: Independence, the First Republic open source ↗
Under Ratsiraka, Madagascar adopted a Marxist-Maoist constitution, broke with France, left the French monetary union, and nationalized industry, becoming increasingly isolated amid economic volatility and unrest at home.
SOURCE REVIEWED Urlaub-auf-Madagaskar: Independence, the First Republic open source ↗

Editorial Note

No discrete plot is precisely dated 24 Jan 1982 in the sources located this session; the coding sits in the instability of Ratsiraka's regime during the crisis-ridden run-up to the November 1982 election. Context with strong framing. First Madagascar record in the run.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
58001241982

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Ratsiraka was re-elected in 1982 and remained Madagascar's dominant figure until 1993.

Baseline coding: Plot discovered and disrupted before execution. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Globe and Mail

“AROUND THE WORLD Priest tells congregation of Madagascar plot,” January 25, 1982

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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