Coup Atlas Research Database
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77508091948AttemptedMilitary coup

Myanmar, 1948 — military coup attempt

Myanmar (MMR)Southeast Asia, AsiaAugust 9, 1948

Event Summary

On 8 to 10 August 1948 pro-communist battalions of the newly independent Burma Army mutinied against Prime Minister U Nu's government in the country's first post-independence military revolt, an armed bid that briefly threatened Rangoon itself. The 1st Burma Rifles mutinied at Thayetmyo on 8 August and seized Prome the next day, while on 10 August about 350 troops led by Thirty Comrades veterans Bo Zeya and Bo Ye Htut, including more than half of the Mingaladon based 3rd Burma Rifles plus engineer and transport elements, rebelled in a convoy of 32 trucks. The two mutinous columns planned to converge and seize Rangoon for the communist cause, but government forces, Union Military Police, levies, and Burma Air Force Spitfire strikes stopped them at Letpadan and Wanetchaung.

The survivors went underground, forming the Revolutionary Burma Army alongside the Communist Party insurgency, and U Nu's government survived, though the mutiny left it with only a skeleton of reliable battalions.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Prime Minister U Nu survived the mutiny unharmed and his government retained Rangoon
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
U Nu (prime minister of Burma, target)
Bo Zeya (Thirty Comrades veteran, mutiny leader)
Bo Ye Htut (3rd Burma Rifles commander, mutiny leader)
Smith Dun (supreme commander who organized the loyalist response)

Sources

On 8 August 1948 the 1st Burma Rifles at Thayetmyo mutinied and the next day took over Prome and began to march on Rangoon.
SOURCE REVIEWED The Burma Campaign, New Burma Army 1945 to 1949 open source ↗
On August 10, 1948, around 350 troops led by Bo Zeya and Bo Ye Htut, including more than half of the Mingaladon based Battalion 3 plus engineering and Bago based Battalion 6 elements, mutinied in 32 military trucks, leaving only about 2,000 personnel in the military excluding the Karen battalions.
SOURCE REVIEWED The Irrawaddy, Myanmar's Failed Mutinies in History open source ↗
The mutinous 1st and 3rd Burma Rifles attempted to join forces in the Hmawbi and Wanetchaung area before marching on Rangoon, but the 1st was stopped at Letpadan by Union Military Police and levies supported by the Burma Air Force, and the 3rd was defeated and dispersed.
SOURCE REVIEWED The Burma Campaign, 1st Burma Rifles open source ↗
Surviving officers and men of the mutinous battalions and transport company went underground and formed the Revolutionary Burma Army, aligning with the communist insurgency.
SOURCE REVIEWED The Burma Campaign, New Burma Army 1945 to 1949 open source ↗

Editorial Note

Sources date the mutiny wave across 8 to 10 August 1948, bracketing the dataset date of 9 August, the day Prome fell; treated as the same event. The dataset's military coup coding fits a mutiny aimed at seizing the capital for the communist side rather than a palace coup; flagged. Links to Burma's 1949 Karen Rifles mutiny context and forward to the 1958 and 1962 Ne Win takeovers already enriched.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
77508091948

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Prime Minister U Nu survived the mutiny unharmed and his government retained Rangoon.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

The Manchester Guardian

“ATTEMPTED MARCH ON RANGOON: Plot that Failed,” August 14, 1948

New York Times

“BURMA FOILS COUP BID AND ROUTS MUTINEERS,” August 14, 1948

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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