Coup Atlas Research Database
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09308281978AttemptedMilitary coup

Nicaragua, 1978 — military coup attempt

Nicaragua (NIC)Central America, AmericasAugust 28, 1978

Event Summary

The dataset records an event coded as an attempted military coup in Nicaragua on 28 August 1978 during the escalating insurrection against the dictatorship of President Anastasio Somoza Debayle, the last of the Somoza dynasty that had ruled Nicaragua since the 1930s. The date falls amid the dramatic rise of the Sandinista National Liberation Front, the FSLN, and the collapse of Somoza's legitimacy following the assassination of the opposition journalist Pedro Joaquin Chamorro in January 1978. Just days before, on 22 August 1978, a Sandinista commando led by Eden Pastora, known as Comandante Cero, had seized the National Palace in Managua, taking hundreds of hostages and humiliating the regime.

The late August 1978 period, coded here as a coup attempt, saw spreading revolt and the beginning of a national uprising against Somoza. He clung to power through his brutal National Guard until the Sandinistas finally overthrew him in July 1979, ending the dynasty and bringing the FSLN to power.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: President Anastasio Somoza survived the August 1978 revolt but was overthrown by the Sandinistas in July 1979
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Anastasio Somoza Debayle (president of Nicaragua, target)
Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN, insurgents)
Eden Pastora (Sandinista commander)

Sources

Anastasio Somoza Debayle was the last of the Somoza dynasty that ruled Nicaragua, and he faced escalating insurrection by the Sandinista National Liberation Front.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Anastasio Somoza Debayle open source ↗
The assassination of opposition journalist Pedro Joaquin Chamorro in January 1978 accelerated the collapse of Somoza's legitimacy and the national uprising.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Nicaraguan Revolution open source ↗
On 22 August 1978 a Sandinista commando led by Eden Pastora seized the National Palace in Managua, taking hundreds of hostages.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Operation Pigpen (National Palace attack) open source ↗
Somoza clung to power through the National Guard until the Sandinistas overthrew him in July 1979.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Nicaraguan Revolution open source ↗

Editorial Note

Dataset date 28 August 1978 falls within the escalating anti-Somoza insurrection, just days after the 22 August 1978 Sandinista seizure of the National Palace; the specific 28 August event as a discrete coup attempt is not separately documented in accessible English sources this session, so it is flagged and framed within the verified revolutionary context. First Nicaragua record in the dataset run to reach this era.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
09308281978

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: President Anastasio Somoza survived the August 1978 revolt but was overthrown by the Sandinistas in July 1979.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Wikipedia

Los Angeles Times

“Nicaragua Coup Crushed, Pro-Somoza Military Says: Anti-Somoza Plot Reportedly Thwarted,” by Leonard Greenwood, August 29, 1978

Newsday

“Nicaragua in Turmoil: Arrest of 85 Foils Nicaragua Coup,” August 29, 1978

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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