Coup Atlas Research Database
← Back to explorer
15001301949SuccessfulMilitary coup

Paraguay, 1949 — military coup

Paraguay (PRY)South America, AmericasJanuary 30, 1949

Event Summary

On January 30, 1949, Paraguayan President Juan Natalicio Gonzalez, a Colorado Party intellectual and poet who had taken office only in August 1948, was overthrown in a military coup led by his own defense minister, Brigadier General Raimundo Rolon, in alliance with rival Colorado figures Felipe Molas Lopez and Federico Chaves. The coup, in which the young artillery commander Alfredo Stroessner also took part, ended Gonzalez's brief and troubled presidency after he survived an earlier failed coup attempt in October 1948. Gonzalez resigned in the early morning of January 30 and went into exile, and Rolon assumed the presidency.

Rolon's own tenure lasted less than a month before he too was pushed aside in favor of Molas Lopez in late February, part of the rapid churn of Paraguayan governments that preceded Stroessner's long dictatorship.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Juan Natalicio Gonzalez, President of Paraguay (deposed, fled into exile)
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Juan Natalicio Gonzalez (deposed president)
Raimundo Rolon (defense minister, coup leader, became president)
Felipe Molas Lopez (Colorado rival)
Federico Chaves (Colorado rival)
Alfredo Stroessner (artillery commander who took part, future dictator)

Sources

On 29 January 1949 a coup broke out initiated by Felipe Molas Lopez, Federico Chaves, and defense minister General Raimundo Rolon, who controlled the military; Natalicio Gonzalez resigned in the early morning of 30 January and General Rolon took power, and Gonzalez was again driven into exile.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, "Juan Natalicio Gonzalez" open source ↗
Brigadier General Raimundo Rolon served as Defense Minister under Natalicio Gonzalez until he led a coup against him in January 1949, then was briefly president of Paraguay from 30 January 1949 to 27 February 1949.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, "Raimundo Rolon" open source ↗
Following another coup, in January 1949, Gonzalez was removed from power and emigrated from Paraguay.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, "Guion Rojo" open source ↗
In January 1949 Alfredo Stroessner supported Felipe Molas Lopez and took part in the coup to oust President Juan Natalicio Gonzalez.
INDIRECT CITATION NamuWiki, "Alfredo Stroessner" (secondary compilation) open source ↗

Editorial Note

Sources agree Gonzalez was overthrown at the end of January 1949 (the coup began 29 January, he resigned in the early hours of 30 January, the Cline dataset date) by defense minister Rolon in alliance with Molas Lopez and Chaves. Three Wikipedia articles were read directly; Stroessner's participation is CHAIN via a secondary compilation. This is distinct from the separate late-February 1949 record when Rolon was himself replaced by Molas Lopez.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
15001301949

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Juan Natalicio Gonzalez, President of Paraguay (deposed, fled into exile).

Baseline coding: Incumbent executive removed from power. Recorded leader fate: deposed; fled the country. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

Wikipedia

New York Times

“Paraguayan Chief Ousted in Revolt,” by Milton Bracker, January 31, 1949

Washington Post

“Bloodless Revolt Overthrows Gonzalez Regime in Paraguay,” January 31, 1949

Los Angeles Times

“Party Coup Ousts Chief in Paraguay: President Gonzalez Deposed After Five Months of Rule,” January 31, 1949

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

Know something about this event?
Tips are reviewed against sources before anything is added.