Coup Atlas Research Database
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73208211990ConspiracyMilitary coup

Republic of Korea, 1990 — military coup conspiracy

Republic of Korea (KOR)East Asia, AsiaAugust 21, 1990

Event Summary

This entry is coded 21 August 1990, during a period of political tension and factional infighting under President Roh Tae-woo of the Republic of Korea, following the January 1990 three-party merger that created the ruling Democratic Liberal Party. Roh, a former general who had played a key role in the December 1979 military coup that brought Chun Doo-hwan to power and in the 1980 suppression of the Gwangju Uprising, had been elected president in 1987 and pursued democratization while his party lacked a legislative majority. On 22 January 1990 his Democratic Justice Party merged with Kim Young-sam's Reunification Democratic Party and Kim Jong-pil's New Democratic Republican Party to form the Democratic Liberal Party, commanding a supermajority but soon fraught with factional infighting that undermined his administration, amid labor strikes and an austerity program.

The old military network known as Hanahoe remained influential until its purge under Roh's successor in 1993. The 21 August 1990 coding sits in this period of political instability and lingering military-faction influence during Roh's presidency.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Roh completed his single term and was succeeded by Kim Young-sam in 1993
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
President Roh Tae-woo (target)
the rival factions of the merged Democratic Liberal Party
the Hanahoe military network

Sources

A party merger announced on 22 January 1990 united Roh's Democratic Justice Party with Kim Young-sam's Reunification Democracy Party and Kim Jong-pil's New Democratic Republican Party into the Democratic Liberal Party, which commanded a more than two-thirds majority but was fraught with factional infighting that undermined the administration.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: Roh Tae-woo open source ↗
As labor strikes and demands for higher wages intensified, the Roh government imposed an austerity plan to keep South Korea's export-oriented economy competitive amid a slowing growth rate.
SOURCE REVIEWED Encyclopedia.com: Roh Tae Woo open source ↗
Roh, a member of the secret military group Hanahoe, gave critical support to the 1979 coup that made Chun Doo-hwan de facto ruler and helped suppress the 1980 Gwangju Uprising, and the Hanahoe faction within the military was later purged under the Kim Young-sam government in 1993.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: Roh Tae-woo open source ↗
In 1995 Chun Doo-hwan, Roh Tae-woo, and others were arrested and prosecuted for the December 1979 coup and the Gwangju massacre, reflecting the continuing political weight of the military's earlier interventions.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: Gwangju Uprising open source ↗

Editorial Note

No discrete August 1990 coup plot is documented in the sources located this session; South Korea's actual coups were in 1961, 1979, and 1980. The coding sits in the 1990 political-tension and factional-infighting period under Roh Tae-woo after the January 1990 party merger. Context with strong framing; this is the most weakly anchored entry in the batch, with no specific 1990 plot located. First Republic of Korea record in the run.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
73208211990

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Roh completed his single term and was succeeded by Kim Young-sam in 1993.

Baseline coding: Plot discovered and disrupted before execution. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Ottawa Citizen

“South Korea arrests 48 as plotters,” August 22, 1990

Globe and Mail

“WORLD IN BRIEF 48 arrested in Seoul,” August 23, 1990

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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