Coup Atlas Research Database
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52012101961AttemptedMilitary coup

Somalia, 1961 — military coup attempt

Somalia (SOM)East Africa, AfricaDecember 10, 1961

Event Summary

On 10 December 1961 a group of British-trained junior military officers from the former British Somaliland attempted a coup in the northern city of Hargeisa against the newly unified Somali Republic, in protest at the terms of the 1960 union between the former British and Italian Somali territories. The officers, aggrieved that the union had subordinated the north to a southern dominated government in Mogadishu and that a referendum had rejected the unitary constitution in the north, tried to seize control of the northern regions and reverse the merger. The revolt collapsed quickly when their own enlisted soldiers, reportedly led by non-commissioned officers, refused to follow them and the rebellion found no wider support.

President Aden Abdullah Osman Daar's government suppressed the rising, and the coup leaders were arrested, though a court later declined to convict them on a technicality. The union held, and Somalia continued under civilian rule until the 1969 military coup.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: President Aden Abdullah Osman Daar and the unified Somali government survived the northern revolt and preserved the union
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Aden Abdullah Osman Daar (president of Somalia, target)
British-trained northern junior officers (plotters)

Sources

In December 1961 a group of British-trained military officers in the former British Somaliland attempted a coup to end the union of the northern and southern Somali territories.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Somali Republic open source ↗
The 1961 Hargeisa coup attempt was led by northern officers discontented with the terms of the 1960 union and the southern dominated government, and it failed when it lacked wider support.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, History of Somalia (1960 to 1969) open source ↗
The former British Somaliland and the Italian administered Trust Territory of Somalia united to form the Somali Republic on 1 July 1960, with Aden Abdullah Osman Daar as president.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Somali Republic open source ↗
Somalia remained under civilian parliamentary government until the military coup led by Siad Barre in October 1969.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, History of Somalia (1960 to 1969) open source ↗

Editorial Note

Date match to the December 1961 Hargeisa officers' coup attempt against the Somali union; some specifics of the day are lightly documented in accessible English sources this session, so the fine detail is flagged, but the event, its northern grievance basis, and its failure are verified. First Somalia record in the dataset run.

Cross-Reference

Datasets agree. At least two of the three reference datasets we check against carry this event, and none of them disagrees about its date or its result.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
52012101961
Albrecht/Koehler/Schutz (CAM) id
CAM-520-1961-12-10

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: President Aden Abdullah Osman Daar and the unified Somali government survived the northern revolt and preserved the union.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

Wikipedia

New York Times

“Somalia Reports Revolt By 5 Officers Is Foiled,” December 11, 1961
“24 Face Trial in Somalia Coup,” December 14, 1961

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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