Coup Atlas Research Database
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62503191981ConspiracyMilitary coup

Sudan, 1981 — military coup conspiracy

Sudan (SDN)North Africa, AfricaMarch 19, 1981

Event Summary

This entry is coded 19 March 1981, during a period of mounting opposition to President Gaafar Nimeiry of Sudan as his popularity waned in the early 1980s. Nimeiry, who had seized power in 1969, had become the only Arab leader to support Egyptian President Sadat's peace with Israel, alienating much Sudanese and Arab opinion, and he was increasingly dictatorial, censoring the press, closing universities, and imprisoning opponents. The 1977 National Reconciliation with Sadiq al-Mahdi's National Front had faltered, and Libya under Gaddafi continued to harbor Sudanese opposition groups and stockpile weapons for them, having previously backed the bloody 1976 attempt to overthrow Nimeiry.

It is in this context of Islamist, Ansar, and Libyan-backed opposition that anti-Nimeiry conspiracies recurred. The March 1981 coding sits in this period of plotting against the increasingly unpopular and repressive Nimeiry regime, several years before his eventual overthrow in a 1985 coup.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Nimeiry survived plots into the early 1980s but was overthrown in a 1985 military coup
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
President Gaafar Nimeiry (target)
Sudanese opposition groups sheltered in Libya
Muammar Gaddafi (external backer of anti-Nimeiry forces)

Sources

Nimeiry became the only Arab leader to support Egyptian president Sadat's peace with Israel, his popularity waned, and he censored the press, closed universities, and imprisoned opponents as an increasingly dictatorial ruler.
SOURCE REVIEWED EBSCO Research Starters: Nimeiri Takes Charge in Khartoum open source ↗
Insurgents supported by Colonel Gaddafi attempted in 1976 to overthrow Nimeiry, several days of fighting left hundreds of Sudanese dead, and Libya continued to harbor various Sudanese opposition groups.
SOURCE REVIEWED Christian Science Monitor: Sudan, Libyan coup plot or tempest in a teacup open source ↗
The 1977 National Reconciliation between opposition leaders and Nimeiry's government eventually faltered due to disagreements, marking the end of the attempted reconciliation.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: 1976 Sudanese coup attempt open source ↗
Sudan has witnessed one of the world's highest tallies of coup attempts, with recurrent plots against Nimeiry's 16-year rule before his removal in the April 1985 coup led by Field Marshal Swar al-Dahab.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: Coups d'etat in Sudan open source ↗

Editorial Note

No discrete plot is precisely dated 19 Mar 1981 in the sources located this session; the coding sits in the early-1980s climate of Islamist, Ansar, and Libyan-backed opposition to the increasingly unpopular and repressive Nimeiry regime. Context with strong framing. First Sudan record in the run.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
62503191981

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Nimeiry survived plots into the early 1980s but was overthrown in a 1985 military coup.

Baseline coding: Plot discovered and disrupted before execution. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Globe and Mail

“AROUND THE WORLD 11 held in Sudan for army coup plot,” March 20, 1981

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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