Coup Atlas Research Database
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51001191964AttemptedMilitary coup

Tanzania, 1964 — military coup attempt

Tanzania (TZA)East Africa, AfricaJanuary 19, 1964

Event Summary

On 19 to 20 January 1964 the soldiers of the Tanganyika Rifles mutinied against their mostly British officers, in a rising that shook the government of President Julius Nyerere barely two years after independence and days after the Zanzibar Revolution next door. The 1st Battalion seized Colito Barracks and key points in Dar es Salaam on the 19th, deposing and expelling their European officers, and the 2nd Battalion at Tabora joined the next day, so that the whole army had rebelled. The soldiers, motivated by demands for higher pay and the Africanization of the officer corps, surrounded the State House and took the radio station and airport, but President Nyerere and Vice President Kawawa escaped and remained in hiding in the capital.

Rather than negotiate personally, Nyerere let his defense minister come to terms, then made the painful request for British military help. Royal Marines landed, quickly quelled the mutiny, and the Tanganyika Rifles was disbanded and replaced by a new force under civilian control.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: President Julius Nyerere survived the mutiny with British military help and rebuilt the army under civilian control
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Julius Nyerere (president of Tanganyika, target)
Tanganyika Rifles mutineers (rebels)
British Royal Marines (intervention force)

Sources

In January 1964, following the Zanzibar Revolution, the Tanganyika Rifles mutinied, with the 1st Battalion seizing key points in Dar es Salaam on the 19th, deposing their officers and sending them to Kenya, and the 2nd Battalion in Tabora joining on the 20th.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Tanganyika Rifles open source ↗
The entire country's military had rebelled, with the British High Commissioner briefly detained and most strategic points in the capital held by the mutineers, until after appeals from President Nyerere the United Kingdom dispatched forces.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Tanganyika Rifles open source ↗
Several ministers were arrested before dawn but President Nyerere and Vice President Kawawa escaped, and Nyerere remained in Dar es Salaam while letting his defense minister Oscar Kambona come to terms with the soldiers.
SOURCE REVIEWED libcom.org, 1964 British troops help Nyerere suppress a mutiny open source ↗
Within twenty four hours of the British landings the men of the 1st battalion were dismissed and the regiment effectively ceased to exist, and after the union with Zanzibar the army was replaced by the Tanzania People's Defence Force under local civilian control.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Tanganyika Rifles open source ↗

Editorial Note

Date match to the 19 January 1964 seizure by the 1st Battalion; some sources give the peak on 20 January. Dataset codes it a military coup; it was an army mutiny reversed by British intervention. First Tanzania/Tanganyika record in the dataset run.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
51001191964

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: President Julius Nyerere survived the mutiny with British military help and rebuilt the army under civilian control.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Luttwak (20 January 1964)

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

New York Times

“President Reported in Command,” January 21, 1964

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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