Coup Atlas Research Database
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70011261976ConspiracyMilitary coup

Afghanistan, 1976 — military coup conspiracy

Afghanistan (AFG)South Asia, AsiaNovember 26, 1976

Event Summary

This entry is coded 26 November 1976, during a period of coup plotting against President Mohammad Daoud Khan's Republic of Afghanistan. Daoud had seized power in the 1973 coup that overthrew the monarchy of his cousin King Zahir Shah, establishing a one-party republic with early support from the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan. His government faced repeated coup attempts, and in 1976 an attempted coup instigated by discontented retired officers and led by a retired general, Mir Ahmad Shah, was discovered and some fifty persons arrested.

Meanwhile Daoud was drifting away from the Soviet Union and cracking down on political opposition, which turned the Soviet-backed PDPA against him; by the party's own later account it had begun plotting a coup as early as 1976. The Islamist Qiyam-i Islami separately attempted to overthrow Daoud in December 1976. The November 1976 coding sits in this period of anti-Daoud conspiracy, corresponding to the discovered retired-officers plot.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Daoud survived the 1976 plots but was overthrown and killed in the April 1978 Saur Revolution
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
President Mohammad Daoud Khan (target)
Retired General Mir Ahmad Shah (plot leader)
Discontented retired officers (the conspirators)

Sources

An attempted coup, instigated by discontented retired officers and led by a retired general, Mir Ahmad Shah, was discovered in 1976 and some 50 persons arrested.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: 1976 in Afghanistan open source ↗
Several coup attempts against Daoud's government occurred, including those in September 1973, August 1974, and December 1976.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: Saur Revolution open source ↗
According to Hafizullah Amin, who became Afghan head of state in 1979, the PDPA had started plotting the coup in 1976, two years before it materialized.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: Republic of Afghanistan (1973-1978) open source ↗
On 9 December 1976 the Qiyam-i Islami (Islamic Uprising) attempted and failed to overthrow Mohammed Daoud Khan.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: List of coups and coup attempts by country open source ↗

Editorial Note

Coded 26 Nov 1976 aligns with the discovered 1976 retired-officers plot led by Mir Ahmad Shah (sources date it to 1976 without a precise day); distinct from the separate 9 Dec 1976 Islamist attempt. Verified as a documented 1976 plot. First of two Afghanistan entries in this batch.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
70011261976

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Daoud survived the 1976 plots but was overthrown and killed in the April 1978 Saur Revolution.

Baseline coding: Plot discovered and disrupted before execution. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

New York Times

“Afghanistan said to hold 50 in plot against leader,” December 10, 1976

LA Times

“50 reported arrested in Afghanistan coup plot,” December 10, 1976

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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