Coup Atlas Research Database
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16002281957ConspiracyMilitary coup

Argentina, 1957 — military coup conspiracy

Argentina (ARG)South America, AmericasFebruary 28, 1957

Event Summary

The dataset records an event coded as a military and dissident coup conspiracy in Argentina on 28 February 1957, during the anti-Peronist military dictatorship of General Pedro Eugenio Aramburu, the Revolucion Libertadora that had overthrown Juan Peron in September 1955 and banned the Peronist party. The regime, having crushed the failed Peronist uprising led by General Juan Jose Valle in June 1956 with a wave of executions known among Peronists as the Revolucion Fusiladora, accused Peron and his followers of treason, jailed thousands, and imprisoned scores on charges of plotting to overthrow the new regime, while Peron directed resistance from exile. The coded February 1957 conspiracy fits this pattern of Peronist resistance and plotting against the Aramburu government in the run-up to the July 1957 Constituent Assembly elections.

Peron had moved from Venezuela to the Dominican Republic in January 1957.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: The Aramburu dictatorship suppressed Peronist plotting and held elections that transferred power in May 1958
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Pedro Eugenio Aramburu (military ruler of Argentina, target)
Juan Peron (exiled leader directing resistance)
Peronist militants and sympathizers (plotters)

Sources

After the September 1955 coup, the Revolucion Libertadora dictatorship banned Peron's Justicialist Party and began the persecution of its sympathizers.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Military coups in Argentina open source ↗
Aramburu's government crushed the June 1956 Peronist uprising led by General Juan Jose Valle, executing 16 soldiers and 13 civilians by 11 June 1956.
SOURCE REVIEWED Brookhurst Hobbies, Revolucion Libertadora open source ↗
Thirty-eight alleged Peronists were executed and scores were imprisoned on charges of plotting to overthrow the new regime, and in January 1957 Peron moved from Venezuela to the Dominican Republic.
SOURCE REVIEWED F. Smitha, Military Rule, Elections, Unrest and Peron's Return open source ↗
In July 1957 the regime held Constituent Assembly elections, and after two years transferred power to the elected Arturo Frondizi on 1 May 1958.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Revolucion Libertadora open source ↗

Editorial Note

No discrete plot precisely on 28 February 1957 was found in accessible English sources this session; the entry records the dataset's coding and the verified context of Peronist plotting against the Aramburu regime, with the June 1956 Valle uprising as the major documented episode. Flagged as context. Continues the Argentina thread from the 3 February 1952 record.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
16002281957

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: The Aramburu dictatorship suppressed Peronist plotting and held elections that transferred power in May 1958.

Baseline coding: Plot discovered and disrupted before execution. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

New York Times

“100 Reported Held in Argentine Plot,” March 1, 1957

Chicago Daily Tribune

“Nip Pro-Peron Plot in Argentina; Nab 35,” February 28, 1957

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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