Coup Atlas Research Database
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43410191975ConspiracyDissident coup

Benin, 1975 — dissident coup conspiracy

Benin (BEN)West Africa, AfricaOctober 19, 1975

Event Summary

This entry is coded 19 October 1975, during the crisis year of Mathieu Kerekou's early regime in the country then still called Dahomey, weeks before it was renamed the People's Republic of Benin. Kerekou had seized power in the October 1972 military coup and proclaimed a turn to Marxism-Leninism in 1974. By 1975 his regime's popularity had fallen amid austerity measures that alienated trade unionists, civil servants, students, and teachers.

The year opened with a January 1975 coup attempt by Captain Assogba on behalf of former President Zinsou, and in June 1975 Captain Michel Aikpe, one of the regime's leading southern figures, was killed by the presidential guard, an event seen as regional favoritism that triggered southern resignations and unrest. In July 1975 exiled politicians formed the FLRD opposition group in Brussels, and Kerekou used the turmoil to purge opponents. The October 1975 coding sits in this period of intense plotting and purges, just before the country was renamed on 30 November 1975.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Kerekou weathered the 1975 crisis and consolidated power, ruling Benin until 1991
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Mathieu Kerekou (head of state, target)
Captain Michel Aikpe (regime figure killed June 1975)
FLRD exile opposition and Zinsou-aligned plotters

Sources

A January 1975 coup attempt by Captain Assogba on behalf of former President Zinsou was followed by the June 1975 murder of Captain Michel Aikpe by the presidential guard.
SOURCE REVIEWED Encyclopedia.com: Kerekou, Ahmed (Mathieu) open source ↗
The Kerekou regime's popularity had diminished by 1975, which became a year of crisis for the government, with austerity measures alienating trade unionists, civil servants, students, and teachers.
SOURCE REVIEWED Encyclopedia.com: Kerekou, Ahmed (Mathieu) open source ↗
In July 1975 many exiled politicians, civil servants, and intellectuals formed a new opposition group, the FLRD, in Brussels, and Kerekou used this as an opportunity to further purge opponents.
SOURCE REVIEWED Encyclopedia.com: Kerekou, Ahmed (Mathieu) open source ↗
Kerekou declared the end of the Republic of Dahomey and the establishment of the People's Republic of Benin on 30 November 1975.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: 1972 Dahomeyan coup d'etat open source ↗

Editorial Note

No discrete plot is precisely dated 19 Oct 1975 in the sources located this session; the coding sits in Kerekou's 1975 crisis year of plotting and purges (the January 1975 Assogba plot, the June 1975 Aikpe killing, the July 1975 FLRD formation), just before the Dahomey-to-Benin renaming. Context with strong framing. First Benin/Dahomey record in the run.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
43410191975

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Kerekou weathered the 1975 crisis and consolidated power, ruling Benin until 1991.

Baseline coding: Plot discovered and disrupted before execution. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

New York Times

“Smashing of a Plot Reported by Dahomey,” October 20, 1975
“African Land, No Stranger to Coups, Repulses an Attack by ‘Mercenaries’,” January 17, 1977

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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