Coup Atlas Research Database
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48402221972AttemptedMilitary coup

Congo, 1972 — military coup attempt

Congo (COG)Central Africa, AfricaFebruary 22, 1972

Event Summary

The dataset records an attempted military coup in the Republic of the Congo, or Congo Brazzaville, on 22 February 1972, against the Marxist Leninist government of President Marien Ngouabi and his Congolese Party of Labour. This event is generally identified with the coup attempt led by Lieutenant Ange Diawara, a former political commissar and radical leftist who, with allied officers, tried to overthrow Ngouabi from the ultra left. The attempt failed and Ngouabi survived, though Diawara escaped and mounted a guerrilla resistance in the Congolese bush before he was eventually captured and killed in 1973.

The rising was one of several challenges Ngouabi weathered as he consolidated his doctrinaire one-party state amid rivalries within the army and party. Ngouabi remained in power until he was himself assassinated in March 1977, part of the recurring violent power struggles that defined the politics of Congo Brazzaville in this era.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: President Marien Ngouabi survived the February 1972 Diawara coup attempt and ruled until his 1977 assassination
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Marien Ngouabi (president of the Republic of the Congo, target)
Ange Diawara (radical leftist officer, coup leader)

Sources

Marien Ngouabi led the Marxist Leninist People's Republic of the Congo under the Congolese Party of Labour after taking power following the 1968 fall of Massamba-Debat.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Marien Ngouabi open source ↗
Ngouabi faced recurrent coup plotting and armed challenges as he consolidated his radical one-party socialist state amid rivalries within the army and party.
SOURCE REVIEWED GlobalSecurity, Congo Brazzaville Politics open source ↗
Congo Brazzaville experienced a series of coups and coup attempts in this era involving figures within the military and party.
SOURCE REVIEWED Center for Systemic Peace, African Coups open source ↗
Ngouabi ruled until he was assassinated in March 1977, amid the violent power struggles that marked Congolese politics.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Marien Ngouabi open source ↗

Editorial Note

Dataset date 22 February 1972 is associated with the Ange Diawara ultra left coup attempt against Ngouabi; day level detail and the plotter's identity are lightly documented in accessible English sources this session, so specifics are flagged, while Ngouabi's regime, the pattern of plotting, and his survival are verified. Continues the Congo Brazzaville run from batches 66 through 68.

Cross-Reference

Datasets agree. At least two of the three reference datasets we check against carry this event, and none of them disagrees about its date or its result.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
48402221972
Albrecht/Koehler/Schutz (CAM) id
CAM-484-1972-02-22

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: President Marien Ngouabi survived the February 1972 Diawara coup attempt and ruled until his 1977 assassination.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Luttwak

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambroise_Nou Mazal Aye

New York Times

“Congo Republic’s Leader Demotes 20 for Coup Roles,” March 26, 1972

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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