Coup Atlas Research Database
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09405081948SuccessfulRebel coup

Costa Rica, 1948 — rebel coup

Costa Rica (CRI)Central America, AmericasMay 8, 1948

Event Summary

On May 8, 1948, Jose Figueres Ferrer formally assumed power in Costa Rica at the head of the Founding Junta of the Second Republic, consolidating the victory his National Liberation Army had won in the civil war that ended in late April. Following the Pact of the Mexican Embassy that eased out President Teodoro Picado, a brief interim under Santos Leon Herrera preceded the handover to Figueres's junta. The junta governed by decree for eighteen months.

During that period Figueres enacted sweeping changes, most famously abolishing Costa Rica's military, granting women and Afro-Costa Ricans the vote, and nationalizing the banks, before ceding power in November 1949 to Otilio Ulate, whose annulled 1948 election had triggered the conflict.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Founding Junta of the Second Republic under Jose Figueres Ferrer (assumption of power; Santos Leon Herrera was the outgoing interim head of state)
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Jose Figueres Ferrer (head of the founding junta)
Santos Leon Herrera (interim president who preceded the junta)
Otilio Ulate (president-elect who received power in 1949)

Sources

After the 1948 civil war, Jose Figueres Ferrer headed the founding junta of the Second Republic, which governed for eighteen months and abolished the army before power passed to Otilio Ulate.
SOURCE REVIEWED Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Jose Figueres Ferrer" open source ↗
Figueres's Founding Junta of the Second Republic took power on 8 May 1948 following the civil war and the resignation of the Picado government, governing by decree until it handed power to Ulate in November 1949.
INDIRECT CITATION Wikipedia, "Founding Junta of the Second Republic of Costa Rica" open source ↗
The junta under Figueres abolished the armed forces, extended the vote to women and Afro-Costa Ricans, and nationalized the banking system during its eighteen-month rule.
INDIRECT CITATION Wikipedia, "Founding Junta of the Second Republic of Costa Rica" open source ↗

Editorial Note

The Cline dataset records two closely spaced 1948 Costa Rica events (April 25 and May 8); the May 8 record corresponds to Figueres formally taking power at the head of the founding junta after the interim of Santos Leon Herrera, distinct from the April end of fighting. Britannica was read directly (VERIFIED) for the junta, army abolition, and handover to Ulate; the specific 8 May assumption date and reform details are CHAIN via Wikipedia. target_leader is labeled CHAIN because the 'deposed leader' framing is awkward for a post-civil-war junta installation rather than a coup against a sitting elected president.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
09405081948

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Founding Junta of the Second Republic under Jose Figueres Ferrer (assumption of power; Santos Leon Herrera was the outgoing interim head of state).

Baseline coding: Incumbent executive removed from power. Recorded leader fate: deposed; exiled. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

Wikipedia

New York Times

“Victorious Rebels Occupy San Jose,” April 25, 1948
“Rivals Blow to Ulate, but Junta will Rule,” May 3, 1948

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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