Coup Atlas Research Database
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49005301966AttemptedDissident coup

Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1966 — dissident coup attempt

Democratic Republic of the Congo (COD)Central Africa, AfricaMay 30, 1966

Event Summary

On 30 May 1966 the government of General Joseph Desire Mobutu announced it had uncovered a conspiracy against the state, the so-called Pentecost Plot, and arrested the former prime minister Evariste Kimba and three former ministers, Jerome Anany, Alexandre Mahamba, and Emmanuel Bamba. The charges appear to have been fabricated by officers in Mobutu's pay to trap the four men, barely six months after Mobutu had seized power in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in November 1965. After a summary trial before a special military tribunal that deliberated for six minutes and rejected their denials, the four were condemned to death and publicly hanged on 2 June 1966 before a crowd said to number in the tens of thousands in the central square of Kinshasa.

The spectacle served to terrorize potential rivals and consolidate Mobutu's grip as he moved to abolish the office of prime minister and build the personal dictatorship he would hold for over three decades.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: General Joseph Desire Mobutu used the alleged plot to eliminate rivals and consolidate his dictatorship
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Joseph Desire Mobutu (ruler of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, target and instigator)
Evariste Kimba (former prime minister, hanged)
Jerome Anany, Alexandre Mahamba, Emmanuel Bamba (former ministers, hanged)

Sources

From 30 May to 2 June 1966 the uncovering of the Pentecost plot, secretly incited by President Mobutu, enabled him to have former Prime Minister Evariste Kimba and former ministers Jerome Anany, Alexandre Mahamba, and Emmanuel Bamba arrested.
SOURCE REVIEWED Sciences Po, Chronology of the DRC/Zaire open source ↗
At the end of an unfair trial before a special military tribunal, the four conspirators, who appear to have been trapped by officers in the pay of the Congolese President, were condemned to death and hanged in public in the great central square of Leopoldville.
SOURCE REVIEWED Sciences Po, Chronology of the DRC/Zaire open source ↗
The four were arrested on May 30, tried, convicted and sentenced on June 1 after a six minute deliberation, and hanged on June 2 before a crowd a hundred thousand strong as Mobutu consolidated his dictatorship.
SOURCE REVIEWED Executed Today, 1966 Evariste Kimba Pentecost plot open source ↗
Mobutu had overthrown civilian rule on 25 November 1965 and went on to abolish the post of prime minister in 1966 and dissolve Parliament in 1967 as he consolidated absolute power.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia, Congo Crisis open source ↗

Editorial Note

Date match to the 30 May 1966 Pentecost plot arrests. Dataset codes it a dissident coup with leader unharmed; historians widely regard the plot as fabricated by Mobutu to eliminate rivals, which the summary reflects. First DRC record in the dataset run; pairs with the DRC 1967-07-05 Stanleyville mutiny in this batch.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
49005301966

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: General Joseph Desire Mobutu used the alleged plot to eliminate rivals and consolidate his dictatorship.

Baseline coding: Coup attempt failed to remove the incumbent. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

Luttwak

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Wikipedia

New York Times

“News Summary and Index,” May 31, 1966

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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