Coup Atlas Research Database
← Back to explorer
63001161980ConspiracyDissident coup

Iran, 1980 — dissident coup conspiracy

Iran (IRN)Western Asia, AsiaJanuary 16, 1980

Event Summary

This entry is coded 16 January 1980, during the early revolutionary crisis of the Islamic Republic of Iran, in the weeks before the first presidential election that would bring Abolhassan Banisadr to office on 25 January 1980. The date is the one-year anniversary of the Shah's departure into exile on 16 January 1979. At this point the economy and apparatus of government had collapsed and the military and security forces were in disarray, with the army still containing many monarchist loyalists and a history of infiltration by communists and guerrilla organizations.

The regime was continuously uncovering and suppressing alleged plots by monarchist and secular-nationalist officers, purging and executing former imperial commanders, while the US embassy hostage crisis that had begun in November 1979 remained unresolved. The 16 January 1980 coding sits in this early-1980 period of anti-regime military plotting and the revolutionary regime's fears of a counter-coup, before its later consolidation of power.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: Khomeini and the revolutionary regime survived early plots and consolidated power by 1982-83
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (supreme leader, ultimate target)
Former imperial military officers (suspected plotters)
Abolhassan Banisadr (elected first president days later)

Sources

From early 1979 to 1982 or 1983 Iran was in a revolutionary crisis mode in which the economy and the apparatus of government had collapsed and military and security forces were in disarray.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: Iranian Revolution open source ↗
On 16 January 1979 the Shah left Iran for exile, leaving his duties to the Regency Council and Prime Minister Shapour Bakhtiar.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: Iranian Revolution open source ↗
The army retained many monarchist loyalists and had a long history of infiltration by communists as well as sympathy with guerrilla organizations, and Khomeini was justifiably afraid over the loyalty of the army.
SOURCE REVIEWED Marxist.com: Iraq-Iran war, the forging of the Islamic Republic open source ↗
Between February 1979 and September 1980 the revolutionary authorities retired, dismissed, imprisoned, or executed thousands of high-ranking commanders and officers in political and ideological purges of the armed forces.
SOURCE REVIEWED Medium (Babak Taghvaee): Neghab (Mask) Coup open source ↗

Editorial Note

No discrete named plot is precisely dated 16 Jan 1980 in the sources located this session; the coding (the one-year mark of the Shah's exile) sits in the early-1980 revolutionary crisis of officer purges and counter-coup fears, days before Banisadr's election. Context with strong framing. First of two Iran entries in this batch; distinct from the June 1980 Nojeh plot entry.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
63001161980

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: Khomeini and the revolutionary regime survived early plots and consolidated power by 1982-83.

Baseline coding: Plot discovered and disrupted before execution. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Times of India

“Coup plot against Khomeini alleged,” January 17, 1980

Globe and Mail

“Army officers reported executed coup bid foiled,” January 17, 1980

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

Know something about this event?
Tips are reviewed against sources before anything is added.