Coup Atlas Research Database
← Back to explorer
63006191980ConspiracyDissident coup

Iran, 1980 — dissident coup conspiracy

Iran (IRN)Western Asia, AsiaJune 19, 1980

Event Summary

This entry is coded 19 June 1980, during the organizing phase of the Nojeh coup plot, codenamed Neghab or Mask, a plan by former imperial military officers to overthrow the newly established Islamic Republic and the government of Abolhassan Banisadr and Ayatollah Khomeini. The plot involved officers and servicemen from the infantry, air force, army, and secret service, and was financed and directed with the contacts and authority of the Shah's last prime minister, Shapour Bakhtiar, operating from exile. The plan centered on Nojeh Air Base near Hamadan, from which pilots flying F-4 Phantoms were to bomb Khomeini's residence, Mehrabad Airport, the prime minister's office, and Revolutionary Guard headquarters in Tehran, while ground forces seized key installations.

The plot was betrayed and largely halted by the arrest of hundreds of officers on 9 to 10 July 1980; 144 or more participants were executed and thousands of military personnel were dismissed. The June 1980 coding sits in the preparation phase of this plot in the weeks before its July exposure.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: The plot was betrayed and crushed; Khomeini's regime executed the plotters and purged the military further
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Shapour Bakhtiar (exiled former PM, organizer and financier)
Air force and army officers at Nojeh Air Base (plotters)
Ayatollah Khomeini and Abolhassan Banisadr (targets)

Sources

The Nojeh plot, codenamed Neghab (Mask), was a plan to overthrow the newly established Islamic Republic and its government of Banisadr and Khomeini, involving officers of the infantry, air force, army, and secret service, and was largely halted by the arrest of hundreds of officers on 9-10 July 1980 at Nojeh Air Base near Hamedan.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: Nojeh coup plot open source ↗
The plan was organised by Colonel Muhammad Baqir Bani-Amiri with the Shah's last Prime Minister Shapour Bakhtiar contributing financial support and providing his contacts and authority.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: Nojeh coup plot open source ↗
Air Force supporters planned to bomb the Tehran air base, Mehrabad Airport, the home of Ayatollah Khomeini, and Pasdaran headquarters, after which control was to pass to Shapour Bakhtiar.
SOURCE REVIEWED Office of the Historian (FRUS) open source ↗
Khomeini ordered those arrested executed; 144 participants were executed and in the following months 2,000 to 4,000 military personnel were dismissed.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: Nojeh coup plot open source ↗

Editorial Note

Coded 19 Jun 1980 sits in the preparation phase of the Nojeh (Neghab) plot, whose arrests and exposure the located sources date to 9-10 July 1980. Verified as the Nojeh plot. Second of two Iran entries in this batch; distinct from the 16 Jan 1980 early-revolutionary-crisis entry.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
63006191980

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: The plot was betrayed and crushed; Khomeini's regime executed the plotters and purged the military further.

Baseline coding: Plot discovered and disrupted before execution. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

The Guardian

“Plot to depose Iran’s President,” June 19, 1980

Washington Post

“Paper reports plot by clergy to undercut Iran’s Bani-Sadr,” June 19, 1980

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

Know something about this event?
Tips are reviewed against sources before anything is added.