Coup Atlas Research Database
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23010011982ConspiracyMilitary coup

Spain, 1982 — military coup conspiracy

Spain (ESP)Southern Europe, EuropeOctober 1, 1982

Event Summary

This entry is coded 1 October 1982, the day Spanish authorities discovered a military conspiracy to overthrow the government on the eve of the general election. On 1 October 1982 Interior Minister Juan Jose Roson learned of the plot, codenamed MN (possibly for Movimiento Nacional) and also referred to as Operacion Cervantes, and the three main suspects, Artillery Colonels Luis Munoz Gutierrez and Jesus Crespo Cuspinera and Lieutenant Colonel Jose Crespo Cuspinera, were arrested the following morning. The plan, more detailed than the 23-F coup of 1981, was set for 27 October 1982, the eve of the vote: a state of war would be declared, commandos would encircle Madrid out to the airport, and Jaime Milans del Bosch would be freed from prison to help lead, with violence blamed on ETA to justify military intervention.

Roson, Prime Minister Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo, and the CESID director chose to intervene quickly, and the plot hardly affected the 28 October election, won easily by the Socialist PSOE. The 1 October 1982 coding matches the day the conspiracy was uncovered.

Researched Details

Researched

Independent research, added record by record. Hover any label for what it means.

Target identified in Coup Atlas research: The plot was foiled and the PSOE won the October 1982 election, marking the end of the serious coup threat to Spanish democracy
RESEARCHED NAME
Key figures
Colonels Luis Munoz Gutierrez and Jesus and Jose Crespo Cuspinera (arrested plotters)
Jaime Milans del Bosch (imprisoned 23-F leader to be freed)
Interior Minister Juan Jose Roson (who uncovered the plot)

Sources

The 1982 coup attempt was a conspiracy by members of the military to overthrow the government, meant to take place on 27 October 1982, the day before national elections; the plan was discovered and the planners arrested on 2 October.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: 1982 Spanish coup attempt open source ↗
On 1 October 1982 Home Office Secretary Juan Jose Roson learned of the conspiracy, and the three main suspects, Artillery Colonel Luis Munoz Gutierrez, Artillery Colonel Jesus Crespo Cuspinera, and Lieutenant Colonel Jose Crespo Cuspinera, were arrested the following morning.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: 1982 in Spain open source ↗
The plan called for a state of war to be declared and commandos positioned in three rings encircling Madrid out to the airport, with Jaime Milans del Bosch to be freed from prison to help lead.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: 1982 Spanish coup attempt open source ↗
The plot hardly affected the 28 October election, which was easily won by the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, and the foiling of the 27-O attempt effectively ended the threat of a military coup after 23-F.
SOURCE REVIEWED Wikipedia: 1982 Spanish general election open source ↗

Editorial Note

Coded 1 Oct 1982 matches exactly the day Interior Minister Roson learned of the plot (arrests followed the next morning, the plot was set for 27 Oct). Verified, exact date. Third Spain record in the run, after Operacion Galaxia (Nov 1978) and the 1980 pre-23F climate.

Cross-Reference

Only one dataset carries it. One of the three reference datasets we check against carries this event; the others do not list it. That is not a contradiction — the datasets cover different periods and use different thresholds — but it means the record has had less outside corroboration.

Identifiers for finding this same event in the other datasets:

Cline Center id
23010011982

How the match is made is described in crossref-report.md.

Outcome and Target

Coup Atlas research identifies the target as: The plot was foiled and the PSOE won the October 1982 election, marking the end of the serious coup threat to Spanish democracy.

Baseline coding: Plot discovered and disrupted before execution. Recorded leader fate: remained in office; not physically harmed. The baseline file does not name individual targets; researched names are kept in a separate layer.

Baseline Dataset Citation

Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset, v2.2.2
Peyton, Buddy, Joseph Bajjalieh, Michael Martin, and Andrea Gerald. 2026. Cline Center Coup d’État Project Dataset. Cline Center for Advanced Social Research. V.2.2.2. February 17. University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. doi: 10.13012/B2IDB-9651987_V10
⚑ This citation establishes the coded baseline record; use the claim-level sources above for the researched narrative.

Baseline Source-Document Entries

CSP

Named in the baseline source document; no article citation was recorded.

Wikipedia

Washington Post

“Spain Arrests 3 Officers in Suspected Plot,” October 3, 1982

Los Angeles Times

“The World: Spain Seizes 3 in Coup Plot,” October 3, 1982

This is the citation trail carried by the baseline dataset, grouped by outlet and rejoined from the line-wrapped original. Coup Atlas has not independently re-checked every document; read the original before citing a specific claim. URLs the import damaged beyond safe repair are shown as plain text and listed in citations-report.md. How this list is built →

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